译鸣Babel
17-06-30 20:50 微博认证:教育博主

#自娱笔记# :词汇辨析

SPRING * ARISE * RISE * ORIGINATE * DERIVE * FLOW * ISSUE * EMANATE * PROCEED * STEM

这十个词都包含产生、起源于的含义(these words mean to come up or out of something into existence),看一下区分:

SPRING强调突然地出现(SPRING implies rapid or sudden emerging):

ARISE和RISE指产生(ARISE and RISE may both convey the fact of coming into existence or notice),RISE常强调逐渐的增长(RISE often stresses gradual growth or ascent):

ORIGINATE指有明确的起因、发端(ORIGINATE implies a definite source or starting point):

DERIVE指起源于,由早先另一种形式发展而来(DERIVE implies a prior existence in another form):

FLOW在SPRING词义的基础上,附加了大量和易于开端的含义(FLOW adds to SPRING a suggestion of abundance or ease of inception):

ISSUE指放出、发出、流出(ISSUE suggests emerging from confinement through an outlet):

EMANATE可以用在无形的事物上(EMANATE applies to the coming of something immaterial (as a thought) from a source):

PROCEED指源于某事物或者由某事物引起(PROCEED stresses place of origin, derivation, parentage, or logical cause):

STEM所指的起源包含作为分支或者隶属的含义(STEM implies originating by dividing or branching off from something as an outgrowth or subordinate development):

补充一些可以注意的点:

SPRING的本义指突然跳起(the verb spring means to leap or bounce up suddenly),当spring用在表达一个主意突然在脑海里出现的时候(an idea springs to mind),或者突然告诉别人坏消息(spring bad news on someone),强调的也是这种突然的感觉。

ORIGINATE作及物动词时指to give rise to,意同initiate,作不及物动词时指to take or have origin,意同begin

如果想要表达某事物源于什么,又想用词听起来高级一点,可以考虑DERIVE(If you want to talk about something that comes from something else, but you want to sound sophisticated and maybe financial or scientific, use derive)

FLOW指事物稳定、持续不断地流动,可以用在水流(water can flowin a river),可以用在电流(electricity can flow through a wire),也可以指讲话或写作流畅(conversation flowed freely when the speaker invited discussion)

PROCEED的常用义项为进行,尤指在被打断后继续进行(proceed is a verb that simply means to keep going, particularly after there’s been an interruption):,同义词有:progress * advance
PROCEED还可以指行进(make one's way * go * to move in a particular direction):

STEM这个词除了有起源(to originate)的含义,还有从源头遏制(to stop something at its source)的含义,来看一个很典型的例句:Once teachers realized that the students’ anger stemmed from the overload of homework, they stemmed the rebellion’s tide.