英语说中国— 中医

Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), created by the Han Chinese, is a study of physiology, pathology, and diseases prevention and diagnosis. Such a profound influence did TCM have that the growth of traditional Japanese and Korean medicine was based on TCM.

TCM came into being in the primitive society, and its theory was formed during the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC-476 BC) and the Warring States Period (475 BC-221 BC). TCM made great progress in the Song Dynasty (960 AD-1279 AD), and its theories became increasingly systematic and normalized. During the Ming (1368 AD-1644 AD) and Qing (1636 AD-1912 AD) Dynasties, TCM tended to be scientific. At that time, medical professionals improved the theory of TCM despite enormous pressure and difficulties.

TCM focuses on yin, yang and five elements (metal, wood, water, fire, and earth), and views people as a combination of qi(the vital fluids and the energy itself that flows through human bodies), shape, and spirit. Through four methods of diagnosis, namely observation, auscultation, inquiry, and pulse-feeling, doctors are able to know the nature, location, cause, and mechanism of the disease, and feel the changes in organs, channels, and joints. Through the above systematic examination, whether the disease is positive or negative can be judged and what exactly the disease is can be determined, so the specific treatment follows. Various techniques, including Chinese herbs, acupuncture, massage, cupping, and diet therapy, can be employed to balance yin and yang inside the patient, who will then get well gradually.

In modern times, the trend of learning from the West once made TCM unpopular. However, it is making a comeback now. TCM in today's society not only inherits and develops the traditional customs, but also stresses the good use of advanced technology and absorb other countries' essence of medicine. Thanks to the publicity by the government, TCM has regained popularity among Chinese, and is even viewed as mysterious medical techniques by foreigners.

参考译文

中医

中医，一般指以中国汉族劳动人民创造的传统医学为主的医学，又称“汉医”“国医”，是研究人体生理和病理、对疾病作出诊断和防治的一门学科。中医对亚洲国家影响十分深远，日本的汉方医学、韩国的韩医学等都是以中医为基础发展起来的。

中医诞生于原始社会，春秋战国时期(公元前770年一公元前221年)中医理论已基本形成。两宋时期(公元960年一公元1279年)，中医医学取得全面发展，医学理论也越来越规范化和系统化。明清时期(公元 1368年一公元1912年)，中医学趋向科学化，中医学界人士冲破当时社会的重重阻碍，实现了对中医学的革新。

中医学讲究阴阳五行，将人体视为气、形、神的统一体。中医大夫通过“望闻问切”四种诊病方法查看病性、探求病位、研究病因、分析病机及人体内各器官和经络关节等的变化，以判断邪正，进而得出病名，制定治疗方法，随后结合中药、针灸、推拿、拔罐、食疗多种治疗手段，以使人体达到阴阳调和的状态，进而康复。

近代以来，“西学东渐”的风气曾一度使中医失去大众的信赖。今天，现代中医一方面保持和发扬了中医传统，另一方面注重利用现代技术，重视汲取他国医学的精华，加之国家对中医文化的大力宣传，中医重获国人青睐，更被外国人视为神秘的医术，正在焕发生机与活力。

词汇笔记

1. physiology [ˌfizi'ɒlədʒi] processes and functions of an organism 生理机能

2. pathology [pə'θɒlədʒi] the study of the way diseases and illnesses develop 病理(学)

3. auscultation [ˌɔːskəl'teIʃn] listening to sounds within the body 听诊

4. acupuncture ['ækjupʌŋktʃə(r)] treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin 针灸

5. cupping ['kʌpIŋ] a treatment in which evacuated cups are applied to the skin to draw blood through the surface 拔罐