太空需要微生物：最新一期Cell发表了对宇航员与太空站环境微生物研究，发现微生物多样性太低，不利于宇航员健康（Cell. 2025 Feb 21:S0092-8674(25)00108-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.01.039.）：
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Space habitation provides unique challenges in built environments isolated from Earth. We produced a 3D map of the microbes and metabolites throughout the United States Orbital Segment (USOS) of the International Space Station (ISS) with 803 samples collected during space flight, including controls. We find that the use of each of the nine sampled modules within the ISS strongly drives the microbiology and chemistry of the habitat. Relating the microbiology to other Earth habitats, we find that, as with human microbiota, built environment microbiota also align naturally along an axis of industrialization, with the ISS providing an extreme example of an industrialized environment. We demonstrate the utility of culture-independent sequencing for microbial risk monitoring, especially as the location of sequencing moves to space. The resulting resource of chemistry and microbiology in the space-built environment will guide long-term efforts to maintain human health in space for longer durations.
太空居住在与地球隔绝的建筑环境中带来了独特的挑战。研究制作了一张国际空间站（ISS）美国轨道段（USOS）微生物和代谢物的3D地图，其中包括在太空飞行期间收集的803个样本，包括对照组。结果发现，国际空间站内九个采样模块中的每一个的使用都强烈地推动了栖息地的微生物学和化学。将微生物学与其他地球栖息地联系起来发现，与人类微生物群一样，建筑环境微生物群也自然地沿着工业化轴线排列，国际空间站提供了工业化环境的极端例子。研究展示了独立于培养物的测序在微生物风险监测中的实用性，特别是在测序位置向太空移动的情况下。太空建造环境中由此产生的化学和微生物学资源将指导长期努力，在太空中保持人类健康更长时间。