不得不说，看到一些老教授还在教如此落后的语法，觉得这种知道落后的语法多么重要，我都觉得无言以对。(图1，图2)

刘意青在强调的是gerund(动名词)和present participle(现在分词)的区别，二者形式上一模一样，都是动词+ing，然后问你reading room，swimming pool，working class，哪些是分词，哪些是动名词。
但不得不说，这是非常落后的语法观念，因为压根没必要区分二者。

参考:Oliver Kamm的文章，A Hardy Myth.
这一区分最著名的拥护者来自于语法学家H.W. Fowler，他写了一本著名的书A Dictionary of Modern English Usage(1926)。
Fowler本人特别在乎区分gerund和present participle，比如他觉得以下句子语法不正确:
Women having the vote reduces men's political power.
按照他的看法，这里混淆了participle和gerund，gerund(因为是名词)前面必须加上所有格，而不能用主格，如果用分词(修饰women)，必须要把reduces改成reduce，因为women是复数。
然而，英语不是拉丁文，现代英语中已经完全不区分二者了，也完全不用区分。
正如语言学家Etsko Kruisinga所说，
The reason why some writers insist on this construction, which is contrary to the character of modern English sentence-structure, seems to be that they have been taught this character of the -ing by
teachers who take Latin syntax as
the general standard to which human speech must be made to conform. The result is extremely artificial, occasionally misleading, and ludicrous English.
如果要区分二者，你必须写will result in many's having to go into lodgings或者to deny the possibility of anything's happening。

Ridiculous English to say the least.