熵增定律 · The Law of Entropy Increase

（热力学第二定律 · The Second Law of Thermodynamics）

1. 熵
Entropy
衡量系统混乱或无序程度的物理量。
A physical quantity that measures the degree of chaos or disorder in a system.
2. 熵增定律
The Law of Entropy Increase
在一个孤立系统中，总混乱度（熵）不会自发减小，只会不断增加或保持不变。
In an isolated system, the total disorder (entropy) will not spontaneously decrease, but only increase or remain constant.
3. 孤立系统
Isolated System
与外界没有物质和能量交换的封闭系统。
A closed system that exchanges no matter or energy with the outside world.
4. 自然趋势
Natural Tendency
万物自发从有序走向无序，从整齐走向混乱。
All things spontaneously evolve from order to disorder, from neatness to chaos.
5. 熵减
Entropy Reduction
局部系统通过持续输入能量、物质或信息，变得更加有序。
A local system becomes more ordered through continuous input of energy, matter, or information.
6. 生命以负熵为生
Life feeds on negative entropy
生命体通过不断与外界交换物质和能量，维持自身有序结构，对抗熵增。
Living organisms maintain their ordered structure and resist entropy increase by constantly exchanging matter and energy with the outside.

熵增定律 · 通俗案例

Everyday Examples of the Law of Entropy Increase

1. 房间不收拾，只会越来越乱

A room left untouched will only get messier.

- 熵增：东西从整齐 → 散乱
- 不主动收拾（做功），永远不会自己变干净。

2. 热水放着，一定会变凉

Hot water left alone will cool down.

- 热量自发从高温扩散到低温，不会自己变热。
- 这就是最典型的熵增。

3. 一滴墨水掉进清水，一定会扩散

A drop of ink in water will spread out.

- 从集中 → 分散
- 不会自己重新聚成一滴。

4. 手机/电脑越用越卡，不清理就越来越慢

Phones and computers get slower over time.

- 文件变多、缓存变乱 → 系统混乱度增加。
- 必须清理、重装、维护（输入能量）才能变流畅。

5. 人不运动、不学习，状态越来越差

People decline without exercise and learning.

- 身体松弛、记忆力下降、习惯变差。
- 生命靠持续输入能量、信息、自律对抗熵增。

凡是你不花力气维护的东西，都会自然走向混乱、衰败、解散。这就是熵增。

Everything you don’t work to maintain will naturally fall into chaos, decay, or disarray. That’s entropy increase.