下面这份是英语名词变复数 最常考、最易错的完整总结,直接背就够用。
一、规则变化(最基础)
1. 一般直接加 -s
book → books, pen → pens, student → students
2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾 → 加 -es
bus → buses, box → boxes, brush → brushes, watch → watches
3. 以辅音字母 + y 结尾 → 变 y 为 i 加 -es
city → cities, baby → babies, factory → factories
⚠️ 元音 + y 直接加 s:boy → boys, key → keys
4. 以 f / fe 结尾
- 常考:变 f/fe 为 ves
knife → knives, leaf → leaves, life → lives, wife → wives, shelf → shelves
- 少数直接加 s:roof → roofs, belief → beliefs
5. 以 o 结尾
- 有生命加 es:potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes, hero → heroes
- 无生命加 s:photo → photos, piano → pianos, radio → radios, zoo → zoos
二、不规则变化(必考必背)
1. 变内部元音
man → men
woman → women
foot → feet
tooth → teeth
goose → geese
mouse → mice
2. 单复数同形
sheep → sheep
deer → deer
fish → fish(指条数)
Chinese → Chinese
Japanese → Japanese
3. 特殊词
child → children
ox → oxen
person → people
三、复合名词复数(常考)
- 一般在主体名词后变复数:
sister-in-law → sisters-in-law
passer-by → passers-by
- 没有主体名词,在最后加 s:
grown-up → grown-ups
四、易错点(考试最爱坑)
1. people 本身就是复数,不能说 peoples
(peoples 指“多个民族”)
2. police, cattle 永远复数
The police are here.
3. 不可数名词无复数
news, advice, information, furniture, progress, bread, water
不能加 s,要说:a piece of news
4. 只有复数形式的名词
trousers, pants, shorts, glasses, scissors, clothes
谓语动词用复数
